'87 Volvo 740 GLE non-turbo, ran it out of gas, put more gas in it, turns over but wont catch. Sprayed starter fluid in air filter, it then cathes but won't hold, just dies. What could be the problem? Like a dummy, I drove the car with it low on fuel a couple of times. Maybe fuel filter or pump?

 

Could be a problem with the in-tank pickup clogged fuel filter. Sometimes when you run it all the way out of gas it can pick up gunk from the tank and clog up the fuel sock at the bottom of the in-tank pick-up.

I would first verify operation of the fuel pumps. There are two of them in your car. The main, high pressure pump, is located under the car beneath the left rear seat. When you turn the key to the II position, you should be able to hear the main pump run for a second or two and shut off. If you can't hear it, then it may be a failed main pump or a failed fuel pump relay. If the main pump runs, next check the in-tank pump. Here you will need a friend to turn the key to the II position while you listen at the fuel tank filler neck (remove the cap first). Again, you should hear the in-tank pump run for a second or two and then shut off.

If both pumps are functioning, I would add more fuel to the tank (try to get it up at least 1/2 full). There is a piece if hosing on the pickup that can deteriorate and cause issues below 1/2 tank.

 

Running out of gas would be the #1 reason for fuel pump failure.

People try to start the car with no gas in it and it will burn up the pump.