sorry im a newb when it comes to volvo's but im trying to work out whats wrong with my friends 2000 volvo s40, the turbo gets really hot and the manifold gets red, im not sure whats wrong with it, i'd really appreciate any help. TIA.

 

Glowing usually means one of 2 things.
1. Car is running way to lean.
2. Cat converter is clogged.

 

Is your friend running mods? I have to agree with what TECH said too.

 

so then, if the car is running really lean, what would i have to do with the A/F ratio? oh yeah i forgot its a bone stock engine, well now i've just been told that the turbo itself was getting really red, and melted some of the heat shield off.

 

Check for a Vaccum leak. Is the check engine light on at all?

Check for flow out the exhaust.

The only other thing I can think of is lack of oil and turbo is overheating. Remove the oil fill cap and look for Sludge.